Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
Serving Children, Teens, and Young Adults
Obsessive-compulsive disorder, also known as OCD, is a mental health condition characterized by intrusive thoughts or fears leading to repetitive actions. An obsession is a repetitive, intrusive thought or fear, compelling repetitive action, which is the compulsion.
Causes of OCD
The exact cause of OCD is unknown. Theories about what triggers OCD include anxiety, changes in brain chemistry or function, genetics, and learned behaviors from living environment.
Signs and Symptoms of OCD
Obsessive components of OCD include:
- Fear of germs or contamination
- Feelings of uncertainty
- Needing order and balance
- Unwanted thoughts of losing control
- Unwanted thoughts of aggression
These obsessive thoughts can lead to compulsions including:
- Excessive hand washing
- Repeatedly checking doors to see if they are locked
- Repeatedly checking the stove to see if it is turned off
- Counting in patterns
- Repetition of words or phrases
- Repeatedly arranging or touching objects
Diagnosis of OCD
Diagnosis of OCD can be difficult because signs of OCD often resemble other mental health conditions including anxiety and depression. Diagnosis includes a comprehensive physical examination to rule out an underlying medical condition causing the symptoms. A psychological or psychiatric evaluation is also necessary to determine the thoughts or fears responsible for the compulsions.
OCD Treatment
Treatment for OCD typically involves medication and therapy. Anti-anxiety medication is the primary medication to treat OCD. There are different types of therapy including talk therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, and exposure and response prevention.